PREVALENCE OF PREDIABETES AND ITS ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS AMONG A SAMPLE OF EMPLOYEES AT FACULTY OF MEDICINE

A, Hassan A; A, Mokhtar A; M, Samy N; A, Mahmoud H; S, Mohammed H

doi:10.21608/ejom.2021.91261.1249

PREVALENCE OF PREDIABETES AND ITS ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS AMONG A SAMPLE OF EMPLOYEES AT FACULTY OF MEDICINE

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Department of Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Egypt.

² Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Egypt.

10.21608/ejom.2021.91261.1249

Abstract

Introduction: Prediabetes is a state of pathological changes that precede diabetes; so early screening and interventions are both cost-saving and feasible to prevent disease progression and complications. Aim of Work: To measure the prevalence of prediabetes among a sample of employees at Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University (ASU), to identify different risk factors associated with prediabetes and to assess risk of having prediabetes. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among a convenience sample of 352 employees at Faculty of Medicine, ASU using selfadministered questionnaire. Physical activity assessment by International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF), Diet Assessment by Mediterranean Diet Assessment Score (MEDAS), anthropometric measurements, and The American Diabetes Association - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (ADA- CDC) prediabetes Risk Score. Measurements of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were done to employees who were identified as high-risk individuals based on the prediabetes risk score. Results: The prevalence of prediabetes was 36.1% by ADA-CDC Prediabetes Risk score and 65.4% of high-risk participants were confirmed to be prediabetic by HbA1c. By Multiple logistic regression analysis, age (OR=1.24, CI=1.18-1.29), gender (OR=5.67, CI=2.36-13.67), positive family history of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) (OR=15.16, CI=6.10-37.67), and having hypertension (OR=8.17, CI=3.29-20.27) affect the occurrence of prediabetes by ADA-CDC prediabetes risk score among studied sample. Being ≥ 40 years old, male, hypertensive and had positive family history of DM increased the risk of prediabetes. Meanwhile, being ≥ 40 years old (OR=1.13, CI=1.07-1.21), with positive family history of DM (OR=2.96,CI=1.01-8.62), and having hypertension (OR=3.41,CI=1.29-9.01) were associated with higher risk of prediabetes by HbA1c. Conclusion and recommendations: The prevalence of prediabetes among employees was high. Therefore, screening program with intervention strategy targeting high risk group may contribute to the reduction of the prevalence and further complications of diabetes mellitus.

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